The best known archaeological site in the continent, Machu Picchu is located on a mountain in the Cusco region of Peru.  Over 7,000 feet above sea level and perched above a stunning sacred valley, this 15^th Century Inca site is brimming with legends and historical intrigue. 
 
Machu Picchu, although constructed around 1450, was only brought to international attention in 1911 when it was unearthed by historian Hiram Bingham, resulting in interest from archaeologists and scientists the world over.  After studying the area in depth, Bingham assumed it was the last city of Inca, the legendary "lost city" of Vilcabamba la Viej, in addition to the battle field for the great war against the Spanish conquistadors in the 16th Century.  It later emerged that Bingham’s studies were inaccurate as archaeologists discovered that the real last city was Espíritu Pampa, a jungle site 80 miles west.  In reality, Machu Picchu served as a sacred site for only a century, before it was abandoned during the advent of the Spanish Conquest. 
 
Machu Picchu is the most famous hike in South America and proves a life changing experience for hikers, backpackers and adventure seekers.  The most important religious areas are located on the crest of the hill overlooking the visually impressive Urubamba Valley.  The best way to discover Machu Picchu is on a private or group multi-day trekking tour; popular routes also lead visitors along the famed Inca Trail and through the Sacred Valley.  Although trekking is moderate to difficult experience, it is also possible for visitors to simply to undertake a day tour of this incredibly historic location. 
 
The high season is late May until early September where over 2,000 tourists descend on the mystical city daily.  Despite this bury period, the majestic and beautiful atmosphere of Machu Picchu still shines through, resounding in mystery and interest.  

Read more about our highlights of South America in the Americas 2014 Luxury Travel Guide.

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